Ancient Versions

Hebrew Versions

  • Introduction to the ancient Hebrew versions
  • Masoretic Text
  • Samaritan Pentateuch
  • Dead Sea Scrolls and other recovered manuscripts …
  • Old Testament Textual Criticism …

Aramaic Versions

  • Introduction to the Targums …
  • Targum Onkelos on the Torah (Pentateuch)
  • Targum Jonathan on the Nevi’im (Prophets)
  • Other Targumim …

Greek Old Testament Versions

  • Introduction to the Septuagint and other early Greek versions …
  • The Septuagint (LXX)
  • Aquila’s version
  • Symmachus’ version
  • Theodotian’s version
  • Origen’s Hexapla

Greek New Testament Versions

  • Introduction to the Greek New Testament …
  • New Testament Textual Criticism …

Latin Versions

  • Introduction to the early Latin versions …
  • Old Latin (Vetus Latina)
  • Jerome’s Latin Vulgate

Syriac Versions

  • Introduction to the Syriac versions …
  • Old Syriac (Vetus Syra)
  • Tatian’s Diatessaron (Gospel Harmony)
  • Syriac Peshitta
  • Harklean version
  • Philoxenian version

Other Ancient Versions

  • Coptic
  • Armenian
  • Georgian
  • Gothic
  • Ethiopic
  • Old Church Slavic
  • Arabic